What is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

What is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized environment (1.5-3 times atmospheric pressure). By increasing dissolved oxygen in the bloodstream, HBOT accelerates tissue repair, suppresses infections, and stimulates angiogenesis. Originally used for treating decompression sickness in divers, it now addresses conditions like diabetic foot ulcers and carbon monoxide poisoning.

How Does Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Work?

• Physical Basis: Per Henry’s Law, gas solubility in liquids rises with pressure. Under hyperbaric conditions, oxygen dissolves directly into plasma, bypassing hemoglobin to reach oxygen-deprived tissues.
• Physiological Effects:

• Anti-Inflammatory & Healing: High oxygen levels inhibit anaerobic bacteria, reduce inflammation, and boost fibroblast activity for faster wound healing.
• Angiogenesis: Promotes VEGF release, enhancing blood flow to ischemic tissues.

• Clinical Mechanisms: For carbon monoxide poisoning, HBOT displaces CO bound to hemoglobin, minimizing neurological damage.

Types of Hyperbaric Chambers:

1.Hard Shell Chambers

Features: Metal or composite construction, withstands higher pressures (2-3 ATA), ideal for critical cases like severe burns or gas embolism.

Subtypes:
Monoplace: Transparent single-person tube for pure oxygen therapy.
Multiplace: Accommodates multiple patients with mask/headgear oxygen delivery, suitable for complex cases requiring medical supervision.

2.Soft Shell Chambers

Features: Portable, cost-effective flexible chambers (1.3-1.5 ATA pressure), often used for home care or sports recovery.

What Happens When You Have Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

1.Preparation Before Treatment：

Wear cotton clothing; remove makeup; assess ear equalization; use decongestants if necessary.

2.During treatment:

Compression phase: 10-15 minutes; relieve ear pressure by swallowing/Valsalva maneuver.

Stabilization phase: Maintain target pressure for 60-90 minutes; patient can relax or watch video.

Decompression phase: gradually return to normal pressure under nurse supervision.

3.Duration of a treatment session:

usually 20-40 sessions (1-2 times a day), lasting several weeks depending on the condition.

 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Applications:

1. Severe anemia
2. Brain abscess
3. Bubbles of air in your blood vessels, known as arterial gas embolism
4. Burns
5. Carbon monoxide poisoning
6. Crushing injury
7. Deafness, sudden
8. Decompression sickness
9. Gangrene
10. Infection of skin or bone that causes tissue death
11. Nonhealing wounds, such as a diabetic foot ulcer
12. Radiation injury
13. Skin graft or skin flap at risk of tissue death
14. Traumatic brain injury
15. Vision loss, sudden and painless

FAQ About Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

1.What happens after hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Toward the end of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, your healthcare provider will gradually decrease the pressure inside your chamber so your body can adjust to the pressure outside of the chamber.
Your healthcare provider will remove you from the chamber or help you remove your mask or hood. Then, they'll examine some of your vital signs, including your blood pressure and pulse, and check your ears. If you have diabetes, they'll test your blood sugar (glucose).
Once your healthcare provider determines that you no longer need monitoring, you can change back into your clothes and leave.
You may feel sleepy after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. It isn't necessary to have a family member or friend drive you home, but it might be a good idea.

2.Is hyperbaric oxygen healthy?

Yes, hyperbaric oxygen is healthy. It's pure oxygen, which helps your immune system fight bacteria and generate stem cells.Stem cells are special cells in your body that help create other types of important cells, including blood cells, brain cells and muscle cells.

3.Why is hyperbaric oxygen therapy used?

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy helps your body heal. To work properly, the tissues in your body must have enough oxygen.If your tissues are injured, they need even more oxygen. The increased pressure in hyperbaric oxygen therapy helpsyour blood carry oxygen through your body, especially injured tissues. It also helps your white blood cells protect your body from infection.

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